Episode 85 of The Security Podcast of Silicon Valley aired on December 30, 2025, with Jon McLachlan and Sasha Sinkevich hosting. The guest was Channi Greenwall, founder and CEO of Olympix, a New York startup that builds security tools for smart contracts, the programs that hold and move money on a blockchain (Podbean, Fortune). The episode is called “How Companies Lose $197 Million in Seconds.” The video version went up on our YouTube channel on August 28, 2026 (YouTube).
“12 million is drained, 27, 37, 197 million, like that, in a matter of a second.”
Channi Greenwall, at 3:39
Olympix checks a contract’s code before it ships. Its site lists static analysis, generated unit tests, mutation testing, and an internal auditor called BugPoCer that combines symbolic execution, fuzzing and AI and writes a working proof of concept for each finding it reports (Olympix). The site’s first line is the number Channi gives twice on this episode: 90% of exploited smart contracts were audited.
The tape dates itself to the middle of 2025 or a little later. Channi calls the Bybit theft of February 2025 “a very notorious hack that happened this year.” She brings up Stripe buying Web3 companies and Circle going public, which happened between February and June 2025, and she says Coinbase had just joined the S&P 500, which it did on May 19, 2025 (Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia). Olympix started in June 2022, and she puts the company at “just about three” years old (LinkedIn).
This page follows the conversation in order: a section for each part of it with the sources beside it, fifteen figures, twenty-five clips from the tape, the full transcript, and five tools: a quiz, a scorecard for a contract that is about to ship, a calculator that sets audit spend against the money at stake, a timeline, and a to-do list. Where the decodes of the tape disagree on a word, the transcript puts its best guess in brackets, and the page doesn’t quote those words. The page stays with the security story, and the whole conversation is in the transcript.
Twisted into my DNA
Jon opened by asking Channi whether she thinks of herself as a security person. She said yes.
“I think it’s very much twisted into my DNA. I have a technical background.”
Channi Greenwall, at 1:47
The short version on the tape is a master’s in security engineering, some years in the field, then product, then Olympix. Her LinkedIn fills in the years. She was a software engineer at JPMorgan Chase from 2018 to 2020, on cyber defense and fraud and then on risk forecasting. In 2020 she was the head teaching assistant for a cybersecurity class of more than 100 students at NYU’s Tandon School of Engineering. From May 2021 to June 2022 she was a product lead for endpoint security at SecurityScorecard, and she lists the chief operating officer and co-founder as the person she reported to. Olympix starts in June 2022 (LinkedIn). Olympix’s own page says she started the company in 2022 with an MS in security engineering from NYU and experience building security tools for major banks (Olympix).
The SecurityScorecard years show up again on Olympix’s list of angel investors. Two of the names are Aleksandr Yampolskiy, SecurityScorecard’s co-founder and CEO, and Sam Kassoumeh, its co-founder and COO. Guy Podjarny, the founder of Snyk, is on the same list (Olympix).
More fun to break than to build
Asked where Olympix came from, Channi started with why she does security at all.
“I love security, for context, just because it’s so much more fun to break than to build.”
Channi Greenwall, at 2:13
Then came the origin of the company in one line. She started Olympix “after I personally deployed a side project on-chain,” and the deployment showed her what she called “such a unique attack surface.” The side project gets its own section further down. Here it is only the trigger. The question she took from it is the one the rest of the episode answers: what makes code on a blockchain harder to secure than code on a server?
Three differences from Web2
Her answer came as a list, and she gave it twice, once here and once when Sasha asked the same question later in the episode. “For context, just looking at Web2 versus Web3, you have three kind of key differentiators.”
“The first being, in Web2, we live patch, redeploy, patch, redeploy.”
Channi Greenwall, at 2:38
The first is the update cycle. She cited Mark Zuckerberg’s line about moving fast and breaking things as the way Web2 works: ship, find the bug, fix it, ship again. “Web3, just deploying or changing your source code is such another animal.” A contract on a chain is hard to change once it is live, so the testing has to happen before it goes out.
The second is that everything is public.
“In the Web3 ecosystem, everything’s on-chain. So, you can deduce it at a source or bytecode level. So, essentially, it’s transparent.”
Channi Greenwall, at 3:05
In Web2, she said, firewalls and other systems sit in front of the code. On a chain, anyone can read the contract, including the person looking for the hole.
The third is what an attacker gets.
“And the third reason is direct access to liquidity. And I think this is the most interesting reason.”
Channi Greenwall, at 3:12
When a Web2 company is breached, the attacker takes data, and the costs come afterward as regulators, reputation and payouts. She said that problem has fueled a security market of more than 300 billion. In Web3 the attacker takes the money itself, and the company can go under with it.
In a matter of a second
The numbers she gave for that third difference are where the episode’s title comes from: “you get hacked in the Web3 ecosystem,” and 12 million, 27, 37 or 197 million is gone almost at once.
She didn’t name the protocols on the tape. The 197 matches the largest of them. On March 13, 2023, Euler Finance, a lending protocol, was hit by a flash-loan attack that took an estimated $197 million, according to the security firms BlockSec and PeckShield: $136 million in staked ether, $34 million in USDC, $19 million in wrapped bitcoin and $8.7 million in DAI (The Block). A flash loan is borrowed and repaid inside a single transaction, so the attacker doesn’t need capital of their own. Olympix’s own post-mortem traces the loss to a function called donateToReserves that skipped a solvency check, which let the attacker create bad debt and then liquidate themselves for the maximum reward (Olympix).
By March 25, 2023 the exploiter had returned 58,737 ether to the protocol, of the roughly 96,000 taken (The Block).
Olympix’s lead investor used Euler as its example. In July 2023, Boldstart Ventures wrote that a scan of Euler’s full codebase with Olympix’s tool returned the vulnerability that was exploited, plus two other results (Boldstart Ventures).
Critical systems
Channi said she has always been fascinated by attack surfaces with high stakes, and she reached for two examples.
“If your medical device fails, insulin pump, something like that, there’s no coming back, right?”
Channi Greenwall, at 3:56
The second was the airplane. “Or, you know, if, for example, your airplane fails, you’re gone.” Her point was that a contract with money in it belongs in that category, because a failure can kill the company. “Millions of people’s money could just be drained in a matter of a second.”
So she went looking for the security those stakes should have produced.
“I was like, wow, there’s hundreds of billions circulating here. There must be the most insane security stack.”
Channi Greenwall, at 4:16
What she found was the same gap she knew from those older fields. “And historically, it’s always been, like, formal verification, or, like, in traditional industries, and no one’s really nailed it.” Formal verification means proving, with mathematics, that a system meets a written specification (Wikipedia). It is also one of the methods Olympix automates, as she explains later.
Ninety percent had been audited
The number that shaped the company came next.
“When we started Olympix in 2022, over 16 billion had been exploited to date. 90% of all exploited contracts, so I’m referring to smart contracts, had undergone an audit, which is the only kind of security unlock that existed in the ecosystem.”
Channi Greenwall, at 4:46
An audit, in her words, “is exactly like having a third party come in, like a consultant, look at your code, tell you what’s wrong, you make the changes, and you implement them.” The trouble is the price and the result.
“Like, people are paying anywhere from $25K to $250K for each audit, and they’re having to undergo multiple. And still, it’s not foolproof.”
Channi Greenwall, at 5:29
“Some companies were getting 10-plus audits and still losing money.” For a sense of the year she started in, Chainalysis counted $3.8 billion in tokens stolen in 2022, the biggest year for crypto hacking on record at the time (TechRadar). Her conclusion was about people in general. “So, a human, as we know, can only find so much.”
Olympix still leads with the figure. The first line on its home page today is “90% of exploited smart contracts were audited” (Olympix).
Security tools for developers
In 2022, she said, plenty of security companies saw the same losses. The difference was where they put the fix.
“No one except Olympix said, let’s solve it by giving security tools to developers, embedding security first.”
Channi Greenwall, at 5:53
The rest of the market went two other ways. Some companies sold architecture and chaos engineering tools to the business or through DAOs, the on-chain organizations that govern many protocols. The most popular choice, she said, was on-chain monitoring, which she described as “hey, inevitably, everyone’s going to get hacked. Let’s alert you when you do.” She called monitoring an important part of the stack. Her question was whether the number of hacks could come down before anyone needs an alert.
Find 90%, leave 10% for the human
The engineering goal she gave is a ratio.
“And so our North Star, from an engineering standpoint, is what percent of historically was done by humans can we automate?”
Channi Greenwall, at 6:22
The auditor stays. “Not to say we’re going to replace this human, but why does the human need to be finding everything?” The plan is that tools find 90% and leave 10% for the auditor, which lowers the chance that a contract gets exploited at all.
The company has published how close it is. In a case study dated September 24, 2026, Olympix says its tools find about 70% of the vulnerabilities an external audit would surface, before the audit begins, and that the goal is 85% (Olympix). Its home page gives the same 70% for audit-level findings (Olympix).
Circle, Solidity and Solana
Sasha asked which chains Channi meant, public, private or permissioned, and who the biggest customer is. Channi answered the second part first.
“Who’s our biggest customer? Circle.”
Channi Greenwall, at 6:53
Circle issues the USDC stablecoin and went public on the New York Stock Exchange in June 2025 (Wikipedia). Olympix’s case study says Circle became a design partner in 2023, runs every EVM-based smart contract through Olympix’s static analyzer before it goes to external auditors, runs mutation testing in its build pipeline, and recently renewed for two years (Olympix).
On languages, she put about 90% of development on Solidity, with a move toward Solana, where she said the language is Rust. Solidity was proposed in August 2014 by Gavin Wood, and its programs run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine, the EVM, or on compatible virtual machines (Wikipedia). Solana is a separate proof-of-stake chain, founded in 2018 and launched in March 2020 (Wikipedia). The EVM-compatible chains, she said, are where most of the liquidity is, and she gave the rule that follows from it.
“And like, wherever there’s money, there’s hackers. And wherever there’s hackers, security needs to be the first step in development.”
Channi Greenwall, at 7:08
Sasha took that as the answer to the next question as well. A blockchain can store data, but the use case here is the money. “But it sounds like the specific use case that we are addressing here is the asset protection.”
No one telling you what to do
The next question was who makes a Web3 team spend money on security at all. Channi’s answer started with how it works in Web2.
“So, like, in traditional Web2, security is mandated by regulatory, meaning whatever we’re told we have to do, we do. Not necessarily because we care about security.”
Channi Greenwall, at 7:41
On a chain there is no such rule, she said, besides maybe one audit by a good audit firm, which people will do. Past that, there’s little incentive to add anything unless a lot of liquidity is at stake.
“So once they hit, you know, about, like, 5 million in volume within their protocol or moving through their protocol, they start to engage with us.”
Channi Greenwall, at 8:09
The range above that threshold is wide. “You know, we have companies that are moving tens of billions every day.” At the other end are teams with 5 or 20 million, and she argued they need the same care, because one exploit takes a small company under. “And those first couple years of starting a company are the most critical to get everything right.” She has watched the same sequence many times: a team finally gets traction, the money in the contract grows, attackers read the public code and find the hole.
“And then, like, there goes the six, seven years of hard work that these founders put in.”
Channi Greenwall, at 8:51
Their life savings
Jon took the founders’ side. “Yeah, there’s a lot at stake. And like, these are people’s dreams.” Channi widened it to the people whose money sits in those contracts.
“It’s also about everyone globally who’s distributing their capital here.”
Channi Greenwall, at 9:10
In America, she said, people trust the dollar and the bank, whatever they think of politics or the economy. “In Venezuela and Brazil, this isn’t the case at all.” There, people use decentralized protocols for trading, staking, borrowing and lending.
“Like, if one of these protocols fails, that could be their life savings.”
Channi Greenwall, at 9:36
The same protocols, working and well secured, “could allow them financial autonomy.” Which of the two stories plays out, she said, depends on how security is built into the development of those companies.
A free tool, no advertising
Jon played a crypto founder who has just heard all this and wants to look at a contract before the company gets big. Where does that founder start? The answer was a free tool first, and then the paid ones.
“So we have a free tool that about 30% of Solidity developers use, that automates about, like, I’d say, like, 20% of what historically was found by external audits”
Channi Greenwall, at 10:09
The paid tools, she said, take that to 60 or 80%. “It’s not self-service,” so a team reaches out through the website or on LinkedIn and Olympix onboards them. The company’s site is olympix.security, and it now has a Try Free Analyzer button for developers and says Olympix has analyzed more than 100 million lines of Solidity (Olympix).
Jon turned it into a market share. “You have 30% market penetration into the smart contract space.” Channi added that the company got there without spending a dollar on advertising.
Down the rabbit hole
Jon asked whether there had been an aha moment. He had seen the 10,000 Hearts NFT in her background, a project she lists on LinkedIn from February to April 2022 as “Just for fun (side project)” (LinkedIn). She called it a rabbit hole.
The project overlapped her time at SecurityScorecard, which she described as a late-stage cybersecurity company where she worked directly for a founder. The days were long, and the side project filled the hours after work. “So I was like, I’ll just work on a side project.” Smart people she knew were moving into Web3 full time, she didn’t know much about it, and she learns best by doing. So she launched a project, with a few interns. It was a night project, a side project.
“In doing so, again, is when I realized the differentiation in attack surface.”
Channi Greenwall, at 11:29
Boldstart Ventures told the same story when it led her seed round: she launched an NFT project called 10,000 Hearts and saw how easily smart contracts could be exploited (Boldstart Ventures).
The attraction was the same one she described at the start of the episode. “I always wanted to start a medical device security company because of that reason.” She never did. “But just from a business perspective, it’s a very hard thing to actually implement and scale, given regulatory, given hardware.” Web3 had the same pull, a high-stakes attack surface and an interesting problem. The decision was still hard, because she loved her job.
“It was more that this problem was right in my face. I thought, how incredible if I get this opportunity to try and solve it.”
Channi Greenwall, at 12:20
Symbolic execution machines and fuzzers
She described the work as a daily list of hard problems, and named the machinery.
“We’re building symbolic execution machines, fuzzers, like, we’re automating formal verification, something historically that was so hard, so manual, and so easy to get wrong.”
Channi Greenwall, at 12:33
Each of those terms is a different way of asking whether code can do something it shouldn’t. Symbolic execution runs a program on symbols in place of real values to work out which inputs reach each part of the code (Wikipedia). Fuzzing feeds a program invalid, unexpected or random inputs and watches for crashes and failed checks (Wikipedia). Formal verification proves a property against a written specification (Wikipedia). Mutation testing, which Olympix also sells, makes small changes to the code to see whether the tests notice (Wikipedia).
On Olympix’s site those ideas are products: static analysis, generated unit tests that the site says reach up to 90% line and branch coverage, mutation testing, and BugPoCer, which combines an intermediate representation, custom detectors, symbolic execution, fuzzing and AI and proves each finding with an executable proof of concept (Olympix).
Is Web3 security any different?
Sasha asked the question plainly: is Web3 security any different from Web2 security, and how? Channi gave the three differences again, in more detail. The first is the pace of change.
“Like, you have that freedom to consistently build, change, build, change, ship, ship, ship, ship, ship.”
Channi Greenwall, at 13:06
On a chain, “you have to be so careful and so aggressive with the testing before deploying.” The second is the open code. “On the flip side, any bad actor can go and see any hole or flaw in your code.” In Web2 there are layers of protection in front of the source, and on a chain the source or bytecode is there in a flash. The third is the prize.
“But it’s not the same as losing 12 million, 27 million, 197 million in one shot.”
Channi Greenwall, at 14:11
She boiled it down to two things: the attack surface is larger, and the stakes are higher.
A missing reentrancy guard
Sasha pushed on where the risk sits: “Would you say the biggest risk with Web3 security is the intricacies of the contract that you define, and then you essentially publish on the chain, and everyone can use that contract?” Channi said that is part of it.
“I think what you’re referring to is, like, contract logic, that it meets the logic that it’s supposed to.”
Channi Greenwall, at 14:46
The other part is code that does what it is supposed to do and can still be drained.
“There’s also, like, you miss a reentrancy guard, you have a certain pattern within your code that could lead to major funds being drained.”
Channi Greenwall, at 14:55
Reentrancy means a function can be called again before its first call has finished (Wikipedia). In a contract, the dangerous version is a function that sends money before it updates the balance. The receiving contract calls back in while the first call is still running, and the old balance pays out again. A reentrancy guard is a lock on the function: a second entry fails until the first call finishes. The best-known case is The DAO. On June 17, 2016, an attack that used several flaws, including one with recursive calls, moved 3.6 million ether out of it, about a third of the fund and worth around $50 million at the time. On July 20, 2016, Ethereum hard forked to return the funds, and the original chain continued as Ethereum Classic (Wikipedia).
Her second example was a single value. “It’s just, if someone changes one thing from five to zero, all of a sudden an external caller can drain.” So the logic can be right and the contract still unsafe. The answer is more spending and more testing, and teams are still adjusting to that, she said, because “the spend for the same size Web2 startup is not going to be comparable at all to someone deploying on-chain, because they don’t have the same risk.”
Not enough expertise
Sasha said that was the point of the question.
“The Web3 in general is a fairly new mass product. It’s not a new technology, but it recently has seen mass adoption.”
Sasha Sinkevich, at 15:33
“But there is not enough expertise in Web3 and understanding how Web3 works in order to secure it.” The talent sits on the Web2 side, Sasha said, and fewer people know how to secure Web3. Channi agreed, “Yeah, I think that’s absolutely right,” and tied it to budgets again: deploying on-chain takes more security spending than teams set aside.
A classical Web2 exploit
Her example was Bybit.
“For example, like, there’s a very notorious hack that happened this year, the Bybit hack. It’s well over a billion dollars. And it was actually a classical, like, Web2 exploit.”
Channi Greenwall, at 16:03
On February 21, 2025, Bybit announced it had been hacked. By the exchange’s count about 400,000 ether was stolen, worth roughly $1.4 billion, and the attacker exploited Bybit’s multi-signature wallet through compromised infrastructure at Safe{Wallet}, a third-party provider. The FBI attributed the theft to North Korea (Wikipedia). The interim forensics from Sygnia point to a compromised Safe developer’s machine, JavaScript altered in the cloud storage that served the Safe{Wallet} interface, and code that changed the transaction only when it came from Bybit’s contract address or one other. Two minutes after the theft, the attackers swapped the original files back (The Block). The page for episode 69, with Riad Wahby of Cubist, walks through the same attack from the key management side.
That is Channi’s point about the two stacks. “So, like, part of their responsibility is securing both the Web2 and the Web3 stack, because they deployed both.” The attacker used the Web2 side to take the on-chain money.
“And so, like, you have to both have a Web2 security expert and a Web3 security expert, and you need to understand where they overlap”
Channi Greenwall, at 16:39
The overlap is where the holes are, the places “someone can weave from, like, a Web2 interface into your Web3 stack.” Testing the Web2 half is what our Penetration Testing team does, and a team that a nation-state would target can look at our Counter Nation-State Espionage program.
The problem statement is still the same
Sasha summed up the security engineer’s view.
“So it sounds like the problem statement is still the same. How do I protect? And you have to answer questions of what am I protecting, and against who?”
Sasha Sinkevich, at 16:55
After that comes the standard flow: identify the attack surface, then answer the questions for each part of it. “You still have to protect the Web2 infrastructure and some of the logic. And then you have to think in depth about securing the Web3 component of that stack.” In Sasha’s words, Web3 is one more layer.
The intern project was the NFT
Jon summed up the founding story, and Channi corrected one detail. He had her building the company on nights and weekends, with a couple of interns, while holding a job.
“Sorry, sorry. I want to clarify.”
Channi Greenwall, at 17:49
The interns worked on the NFT project. “I didn’t actually start Olympix full time until I left SecurityScorecard.” Her LinkedIn has the dates. SecurityScorecard ends in June 2022, and Olympix starts the same month (LinkedIn).
Jon thanked her for working on hard problems. “That helps make the security community better.” A year after the founding, she put her view of the market to Fortune in two lines: “Innovation always precedes security,” and “Security does not matter until it does” (Fortune).
There just wasn’t someone
Jon asked whether she had ever thought about a co-founder. Her answer was about skills and timing.
“I have a technical background and no problem building out the first version.”
Channi Greenwall, at 18:29
Her rule for hiring is to push herself out of every role she can.
“Of course, you always hire people smarter and better than you and push yourself out of as many roles as you can, except for the roles you extremely excel at.”
Channi Greenwall, at 18:33
She hired engineers quickly, and the team is mostly engineers. At the start she didn’t have someone she wanted to take on the problem with. Since then the company has hired people she calls key employees. “They own significant equity stakes. They operate as business partners.” Olympix’s site now introduces Sarah Hicks, who hosts its podcast The Security Table, as an Olympix co-founder (Olympix). The founding was hers, and she said she would have gone ahead with or without a partner and with or without funding. “Like, there was nothing stopping me from solving this problem. Along the way, you find the pieces and the people.”
Jon asked about money, and Channi said, “We did. We raised a seed round.” Fortune reported the round on July 11, 2023: $4.3 million, led by Boldstart Ventures, with Robot Ventures, Shrug Capital, Konstantin Richter of Blockdaemon and Tarun Chitra of Gauntlet. Olympix then had six people in New York, and its static analyzer was in a private alpha with 30 companies (Fortune). Boldstart’s post adds Guy Podjarny of Snyk and Ian Andrews of Chainalysis as angels, and names Blockdaemon, Rysk Finance and Arrakis Finance among the alpha teams (Boldstart Ventures).
A matter of 10 years
Sasha asked where adoption goes next: “Where do you see the next level of adoption of Web3 technology across all of the industries that are ripe for the adoption of Web3?” Channi said it’s hard to answer, because her customers keep surprising her.
“You know, it’s so hard to say, because I’m constantly in awe of the solutions that my customers are providing.”
Channi Greenwall, at 19:30
She had just spoken with a company that doesn’t think in Web2 and Web3 at all. “Because vibe coding and the convergence of AI is becoming so widespread, you should think of everyone as a developer.” If everyone can build, and a platform lets everyone deploy on-chain, the market is huge. Then she listed the moves she was watching.
“Obviously, you’re seeing, like, these bigger moves of Stripe acquiring multiple Web3 companies, of Circle going public.”
Channi Greenwall, at 20:23
Stripe completed its acquisition of Bridge in February 2025 and acquired Privy, which powers crypto wallets, in June 2025 (Wikipedia). Circle went public on the New York Stock Exchange the same month (Wikipedia). On the payment side, she said, “every major bank is moving RWAs, real-world assets.” She wouldn’t pick a single winner, and said a VC’s website would cite a different one every couple of months. Her call was about everything at once: in about 10 years, she said, everything is on-chain.
Jon tied it back to the same shift: “And vibe coding is now changing things and opening up possibilities for folks that it was out of reach, and is changing the way engineering is working.” Our post on vibe coding security covers the checks that AI-written code needs.
Why does it need to cost $100?
Sasha asked what drives the adoption. “Is it the efficiency that chain allows you to have?” Channi split the answer by who is adopting.
“For, like, mass developers, it’s usability. From, like, an economic standpoint, of course, it’s efficiency and money saved.”
Channi Greenwall, at 20:58
“It’s like, why does it need to cost $100 when it could cost $1 to move money?” Her examples came from markets she wouldn’t have guessed. One company makes NFTs for wine collectors. “They’ve created NFTs of every single wine, so you can validate that this is, like, a true, real, legitimate bottle.” Art is another. “Like, people are tokenizing art a lot.” Then one she called an interesting idea that seemed hard to execute: an entrepreneur tokenizing meditation. Companies give employees tokens for meditating, and the founder told her she already had thousands of users and companies on board.
She came back to the company from that morning call: thousands of users a month, people who aren’t technical, deploying on-chain. She said nobody would have expected it a year or two earlier.
“Especially even a year ago, especially two years ago, when FTX collapsed, everyone thought it was done.”
Channi Greenwall, at 22:50
The bankruptcy of FTX began in November 2022, and the exchange and more than 100 affiliated companies filed on November 11 (Wikipedia). Her call: “So I could tell you, with a very strong conviction, the next 10, 15 years, everything’s going to be on-chain.”
The goalpost always moves
Jon asked about her proudest day so far. “What’s been the proudest day so far on your entrepreneurial journey?” She said there isn’t one.
“I think the goalpost always moves there.”
Channi Greenwall, at 24:23
She listed the goalposts in order: taking the risk to start, getting people behind you, a product that works, adoption, selling, more demand than you can take on. The last one she named was “And then people who used to laugh at you are trying to copy you.” The next goalpost is already set.
“we onboard the next 10 million users, and they’re able to deploy contracts securely and quickly and cheaply and efficiently because of us.”
Channi Greenwall, at 24:48
Jon’s summary: “Sounds like every day is the proudest day.”
Chewing glass
Channi had added that some days are bad, and Jon picked it up. “I know being a founder can be filled with super high highs and then super low lows.” Those are vulnerable days, he said, and “You see people’s true colors, like, in those days.” Had she had a most difficult day?
“You know, this question is really hard to answer, because I feel like they happen at such a regular cadence.”
Channi Greenwall, at 25:24
She borrowed a founder’s image for it. “So I think Elon Musk famously says this, like, starting a company is like consistently chewing glass.” The days she once thought were chewing glass now feel lighter: “like, now it’s like eating paper for me.” Her version of the goalpost works the other way too.
“They always suck, but they always, like, in retrospect, like, become easier as you continuously go through the hard times.”
Channi Greenwall, at 26:02
The current solution is broken
Jon asked about the future. Founders see something most people don’t, he said, so what will be the greatest security challenge for the community? Her answer started with what Olympix is building, and she said so.
“Here’s what the world looks like today. A lot of people are trying to deploy on-chain. The current solution is broken. 90% of exploit contracts are audited. That’s the current solution.”
Channi Greenwall, at 26:38
She called that a 90% fail rate. If everyone is going to be on-chain in 10 to 15 years, the security has to scale with it, which means automating what humans did by hand and doing it “not just better, like, five, 10x better.” She played out the alternative.
“Like, we’re going to get hundreds of thousands of auditors, and they’re all going to have a hundred percent success rate as humans? No, that’s not feasible.”
Channi Greenwall, at 27:37
She called it a biased answer, since she faces the problem every day, and allowed that founders of other deep tech security companies would say the same about theirs. “And the ecosystem and world will not scale without it.” She also said, “And inevitably, we’re the only people positioned to do it right now, because we’re the only people betting on that, and we’re the only company with major adoption there.”
They’re not blind to it
Jon asked whether the big platforms were behind. “Do you feel like it’s just crazy that the AWSs of the world and the Google GCPs of the world, the Azures, and maybe even the central banking system, is not taking this more seriously, this change that’s coming?” She said he would be surprised.
She cited a Coinbase report from a couple of quarters earlier, by her account, that the average Fortune 500 company has at least a $50 to $100 million budget for on-chain initiatives. She called that experimentation and small next to their other budgets. “But, like, no one’s really thinking it’s a joke.” She pointed to Stripe’s acquisitions, said Mastercard was about to deploy something on-chain, and named Goldman and JPMorgan. Her estimate is that the top 50 to top 500 companies all have budget and people on it.
“They’re not blind to it.”
Channi Greenwall, at 28:44
Escape velocity
Jon added the decentralization of compute, storage and money to the list of what changes. Channi compared it to AI.
“ChatGPT was the thing that kind of spun off everyone’s crazy obsession with AI, all these AI companies.”
Channi Greenwall, at 29:02
There were early believers long before that moment, she said, and she put OpenAI’s start eight years before the boom. Wikipedia gives 2015 for OpenAI’s founding and November 30, 2022 for ChatGPT’s release (Wikipedia, Wikipedia). People push a new thing off, she said, until the scale arrives. “And that’s that, like, escape velocity moment.”
“And I think right now we’re, like, three, four years before, like, that initial wave of escape velocity, five, six years before, like, mass, mass adoption.”
Channi Greenwall, at 29:23
Jon: “So early. We haven’t even seen, like, early adoption yet.” Channi: “I think Coinbase just joined the S&P 500. These crypto companies are growing faster than you think.” Coinbase joined the index on May 19, 2025 (Wikipedia). Jon: “It’s a good thing. It’s going to help bring positive change.” Channi: “Right, 100%, especially globally.”
What I bring and pull out of others
Jon asked what legacy she wants to leave. She started with how she works: “I guess that I never shrunk myself to what people think should be the status quo or should go around.” Then she named the legacy.
“But I guess it’s like, in terms of legacy, I think the most important thing to me is what I bring and pull out of others.”
Channi Greenwall, at 30:11
She counts finding the best people and pushing them to a level they didn’t know they had among her best qualities. The products are meant to do the same for customers.
“Now, this customer is security first. They’re a security engineer. They went from a developer to a security engineer because they have all these tools.”
Channi Greenwall, at 30:42
Someone collected a bug bounty
Sasha asked for a single day. “And just to play off that a little bit more, what is your most memorable day on the journey so far with Olympix?” Channi gave two.
“But I think, like, the first memorable moment was when someone collected a bug bounty using our tool.”
Channi Greenwall, at 31:22
The tool found a real flaw and someone got paid for it, which told the team how strong the tool was. The second was a head-to-head with an audit firm.
“And then recently, one of the top audit firms, one of our customers underwent an audit from the top audit firm, and our tool automated 100% of the findings that the audit firm found.”
Channi Greenwall, at 31:37
She didn’t name the customer or the firm. Those results moved her conviction. At the start, she said, a founder thinks in odds of 80, 70, even 60%, and that is enough to begin.
“Like, when those technical milestones hit, I think for me, like, right now, I’m at, like, 95, 97% conviction that could work, which means, like, I should be moving faster.”
Channi Greenwall, at 31:58
She said she sees the future so often that it feels like a memory, and that a founder has to be that convinced. “You have to be crazy to be a founder. There’s no way around that one.” For someone with a family and no salary, the sacrifice only makes sense if the bet is right.
“And I believe the trade-off is worth it a millionfold.”
Channi Greenwall, at 33:01
A bug bounty program pays outside researchers who report security bugs (Wikipedia). Running one well is the job of our AI-Accelerated Bug Bounty Program.
Trust your gut
Jon asked what she would tell a younger version of herself.
“I think I would just say trust your gut.”
Channi Greenwall, at 33:26
Her regrets, she said, are the times she moved too slowly. “And like, probably the biggest lessons I’ve learned as a founder and as a human is, like, just move faster and trust your gut.” Being wrong sometimes is part of it. “Like, when you’re wrong, it’s okay. Just move quickly and get there.” Jon liked the intuition part, and she added that people know more than they think they do. She applies it to her own team. When a question comes up, she asks the people at Olympix “what does your gut tell you?” because “they’re sitting and sunk into this problem.”
Swimwear shapewear
Jon’s last question is one the show likes to ask: “is there just one tool or service that you wish someone would just go out there and build already?” Channi checked the rules. “Does it have to be security-related?” It didn’t.
“I would love for there to be a good swimwear shapewear.”
Channi Greenwall, at 34:37
Nobody has built nice-looking swimwear that is also shapewear, she said, and she called it simple to execute: “Everyone knows how to build swimwear. Like, you just need to layer the two and, like, create a good line.” It isn’t her field. “But I have no experience with consumer. All I do is, like, deep tech.” She pointed to Spanx and Skims as proof that the market is real. Spanx is an American shapewear company that Sara Blakely founded in 2000 in Atlanta, Georgia, and Skims was co-founded in June 2019 by Kim Kardashian and Jens Grede (Wikipedia, Wikipedia).
After the tape
The video went up. The episode was posted to our YouTube channel on August 28, 2026, at 37 minutes (YouTube).
Olympix published the Circle story. On September 24, 2026, Olympix published a case study with Circle. It says Circle has been a design partner since 2023, that Olympix finds about 70% of what an external audit would surface before the audit starts, with a target of 85%, and that Circle’s team was among the first to use BugPoCer and Olympix’s fuzzing and automated formal verification tools (Olympix). Olympix’s customer stories page also lists Securitize, Lucid Labs and Cork Protocol (Olympix).
Olympix writes up the exploits. Its exploits page now holds 152 post-mortems, each traced to the root cause in the code, and puts the losses its tools would have prevented at $680 million. Euler’s $197 million is one of them (Olympix).
The record moved. Bybit held the record for the largest cryptocurrency theft until October 29, 2026, when Binance lost an estimated $6.3 billion (Wikipedia, Wikipedia).
Channi writes about proofs now. Her LinkedIn is mostly short posts on formal verification, and she writes a newsletter called Counterexample. On November 3, 2026, she posted a four-line guide to what engineers mean by tested, fuzzed, audited and formally verified. The fourth line reads, “‘It’s formally verified’ means it can’t do the bad thing, on any input” (LinkedIn). A week earlier she wrote that boards should ask “what’s changed in the code since the audit, and who checked it” (LinkedIn).
What engineers mean when they say: "It's tested" means it works for the cases we thought of.
Channi Greenwall · November 2026
On the tape, the 90% figure was the case against stopping at an audit. In her posts, the same argument has moved one step further, from audits to proofs.
Did you catch it? A seven-question quiz
Seven questions from the episode. Each answer links the moment in the transcript.
Quiz · seven questions
Did you catch it?
Pick an answer to see whether you caught it, and where it is on the tape.
-
By Channi's count, what share of exploited smart contracts had undergone an audit?
- 90%
- 50%
- 10%
a. "90% of exploit contracts are audited. That's the current solution." Transcript, 26:42.
-
What did Channi say one audit costs?
- $2K to $5K
- $25K to $250K
- More than $1 million
b. "Like, people are paying anywhere from $25K to $250K for each audit, and they're having to undergo multiple." Transcript, 5:29.
-
Who did Channi name as Olympix's biggest customer?
- Coinbase
- Stripe
- Circle
c. "Who's our biggest customer? Circle." Transcript, 6:53.
-
How much of development did Channi put on Solidity?
- About 90%
- About half
- About 10%
a. "We're seeing the most, I think it's like 90% of development is on Solidity." Transcript, 6:56.
-
Which theft did Channi call a classical Web2 exploit?
- The DAO
- Bybit
- Euler Finance
b. "For example, like, there's a very notorious hack that happened this year, the Bybit hack." Transcript, 16:03.
-
Which missing piece did Channi say could lead to major funds being drained?
- A cookie banner
- A password policy
- A reentrancy guard
c. "There's also, like, you miss a reentrancy guard, you have a certain pattern within your code that could lead to major funds being drained." Transcript, 14:55.
-
What does Channi wish someone would build?
- A good swimwear shapewear
- A better travel app
- A password manager for families
a. "I would love for there to be a good swimwear shapewear." Transcript, 34:37.
Is your contract ready for mainnet?
Channi’s case is that the checks have to happen before a contract ships. Eight questions on how far along yours are.
Scorecard · eight questions
Is your contract ready for mainnet?
Answer for the contract you plan to ship next. If two answers fit, pick the lower one.
-
Have you written down what the contract must never do, such as paying out more than was deposited, and do you check each change against that list?
- No
- Written down, not checked
- Yes, on every change
"you have to be so careful and so aggressive with the testing before deploying." See Is Web3 security any different?
-
Does static analysis run on every change, before the code goes to an auditor?
- No
- Before releases
- On every change
"No one except Olympix said, let's solve it by giving security tools to developers, embedding security first." See Security tools for developers.
-
Do you know that your tests fail when the code is wrong, through mutation testing or fuzzing?
- We don't know
- For some contracts
- Yes, and we measure it
"something historically that was so hard, so manual, and so easy to get wrong." See Symbolic execution machines and fuzzers.
-
Does every function that sends value update its own state first, or sit behind a reentrancy guard?
- Not checked
- Most of them
- All of them
"There's also, like, you miss a reentrancy guard, you have a certain pattern within your code that could lead to major funds being drained." See A missing reentrancy guard.
-
Has someone reviewed every change made since the last audit?
- No
- Some of them
- Yes, all of them
"Some companies were getting 10-plus audits and still losing money." See Ninety percent had been audited.
-
Are the Web2 parts around the contract, such as signing machines, the front end, cloud storage and deploy keys, tested as hard as the contract?
- No
- Partly
- Yes
"So, like, part of their responsibility is securing both the Web2 and the Web3 stack, because they deployed both." See A classical Web2 exploit.
-
Do you know how much money an exploit could take, and whose money it is?
- No
- Roughly
- Yes, written down
"Like, if one of these protocols fails, that could be their life savings." See Their life savings.
-
Do you have on-chain monitoring and a plan for the first hour after an exploit?
- Neither
- One of them
- Both
"hey, inevitably, everyone's going to get hacked. Let's alert you when you do" See Security tools for developers.
The checks happen late or not at all. Start with the list of things the contract must never do, and put static analysis on every change.
Some checks run before the audit. Next, make sure your tests catch broken code, review every change since the audit, and test the Web2 side.
The checks run before the auditor sees the code. Keep them on every change, and keep the plan for the first hour current.
What do your audits cost against the money at stake?
Channi gave a price range for one audit and the point where teams start buying more than one. This calculator sets your audit spend against the money moving through your protocol.
Calculator
What do your audits cost against the money at stake?
Three numbers: the money moving through your protocol, how many audits you plan before launch, and the price of one audit.
2 audits at $100,000 each cost $200,000, which is 4% of the $5,000,000 moving through the protocol. An exploit that drains all of it costs 25 times the audit spend, and on the tape, 90% of exploited contracts had been audited.
The $5,000,000 default is the point where Channi says teams start to buy security tools. Her range for one audit is $25,000 to $250,000. The 2 audits and the $100,000 price are our examples, not benchmarks. Put in your own.
From The DAO in 2016 to a record theft in 2026
Everything on this page sits on one timeline, from 2000 to 2026. Filter it by thread.
Timeline · 2000 to 2026
From The DAO in 2016 to a record theft in 2026
Filter by thread. Channi's dates are from her LinkedIn, and the rest are from the public record.
- Spanx
Sara Blakely founds the shapewear company in Atlanta (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Solidity
Gavin Wood proposes what becomes the main language for Ethereum smart contracts (Wikipedia, on this show).
- OpenAI
Founded as a nonprofit (Wikipedia, on this show).
- The DAO
An attack that used recursive calls among other flaws moves 3.6 million ether, about a third of the fund (Wikipedia, on this show).
- The hard fork
Ethereum forks to return The DAO's funds, and the old chain continues as Ethereum Classic (Wikipedia).
- Solana
Founded, with the network launching in March 2020 (Wikipedia, on this show).
- JPMorgan Chase
Software engineer on cyber defense and fraud, then risk forecasting, to 2020 (LinkedIn).
- Skims
Kim Kardashian and Jens Grede co-found the company (Wikipedia, on this show).
- NYU Tandon
Head teaching assistant for a cybersecurity class of more than 100 (LinkedIn, on this show).
- SecurityScorecard
Product lead for endpoint security, to June 2022 (LinkedIn, on this show).
- 10,000 Hearts
The NFT side project, to April 2022 (LinkedIn, on this show).
- Olympix
Channi starts the company full time (LinkedIn, on this show).
- FTX
The exchange's bankruptcy begins (Wikipedia, on this show).
- ChatGPT
OpenAI releases it (Wikipedia, on this show).
- $3.8 billion stolen
Chainalysis's count for the year, a record at the time (TechRadar, on this show).
- Euler Finance
A flash-loan attack takes an estimated $197 million (The Block, on this show).
- Ether returned
The Euler exploiter has sent back 58,737 ether (The Block).
- A $4.3 million seed
Led by Boldstart Ventures (Fortune, on this show).
- Circle
Becomes a design partner (Olympix, on this show).
- Stripe and Bridge
Stripe completes the acquisition (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Bybit
About 400,000 ether stolen through compromised Safe{Wallet} infrastructure (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Coinbase in the S&P 500
The exchange joins the index (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Circle goes public
On the New York Stock Exchange, the same month Stripe acquires Privy (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Episode 85 airs
This conversation (Podbean).
- Episode 85 on YouTube
The video version (YouTube).
- The Circle case study
About 70% of audit findings caught before the audit, with 85% as the target (Olympix, on this show).
- Binance
An estimated $6.3 billion stolen, the largest cryptocurrency theft on record (Wikipedia, on this show).
- Four kinds of safe
Channi's post on tested, fuzzed, audited and formally verified (LinkedIn, on this show).
What to do this week
Five things, in the order of the episode.
- Write down what must never happen. List the few things your contract must never do, such as paying out more than was deposited, and check every change against the list. Take the scorecard with whoever writes the contracts.
- Run tools before the audit. Put static analysis on every change, and use mutation testing or fuzzing to prove your tests catch broken code. Then the auditor’s hours go to what tools can’t find. Our Product Security team can set this up in your pipeline.
- Check every function that moves money. Update state before any external call, and put a reentrancy guard where a second entry could pay out twice.
- Test the Web2 side as hard as the contract. Bybit’s money left through a developer’s machine and a web interface. Our Penetration Testing team tests the signing machines, front ends and cloud storage around a protocol.
- Get a second pair of eyes. Run the calculator on your launch budget. A vCISO can own the plan, and you can book 15 minutes with us.